The normal way to move a populated site from one server to another would require creating a database backup and restoring it on the target machine along with all the files. However, you may need help from your hosting provider to accomplish this as typically the db user will become orphaned when you restore the db and they will have to fix it for you.
However, this process is really for moving a production site from one hosting provider to another where the domain stays the same in both places. You will likely have additional problems moving a site from localhost to a another domain. For example if you posted any images in the blog the urls will be incorrect because they will still point to localhost.
Its really just not a great idea to try and populate a content management system on a dev machine and then move it and its data to production. I do not recommend that approach.
Hope it helps,
Joe